![]() The chemicals discharged into aquatic systems end up in highly polluted sediments and salinisation of rivers. The tanning processes contribute significantly to chemical oxygen demand (COD), total dissolved solids (TDS), chlorides, sulfates and heavy metal pollution. Leather industry has significant economic influence however, it suffers from the negative impact due to environmental pollution caused by tannery wastes produced during leather processing processes. New methods and technologies should be applied to reduce the ecological impact of leather production. Various physical, chemical and fastness properties are required from leather products depending on their field of use. The range of physical properties determines the quality of product. The types include mineral tanning include (chromium, aluminum, iron, zinc), vegetable tanning (mimosa, acacia, quebracho), aldehyde tanning (glutaldehyde, formaldehyde) and oil tanning. There are different types of tannage available depending on the quality of the leather need by the consumer. ![]() Leather processing involves three sub stages pretanning, tanning and post tanning and finishing. Kenya having a good strong base for fish industry there is need to pursue the production of fish leather. ![]() ![]() The leather industry gets its raw materials form hides and skins of cattle, camel, sheep and goat and also from exotic sources such as ostrich, rabbit, crocodiles and fish. ![]() Leather can be used for various purposes such as making of handbags, belts, clothing, small accessories and shoes, furniture, interior decoration. Leather has good hydrothermal stability, good mechanical properties, and its resistance to chemical and biological degradation helps it to be used in various applications. Tanning is the process by which raw skins and hides are converted to a durable and flexible material which is non-putrescible. ![]()
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